Syphilis prevalence: an analysis based on ABO and Rh blood typing

Syphilis is a preventable and curable bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI). It can be transmitted through blood transfusions, as well as through oral, vaginal, and anal sexual activities, and from mother to child during pregnancy. Given the potential for blood supplies to be contaminated with syphilis via donations, this study aims to evaluate the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among blood donors who tested positive for syphilis antibodies. The research was conducted at Baghdad Teaching Hospital and a private central public health laboratory. Blood samples were collected from volunteers screened for syphilis, and their blood groups were determined using forward and reverse grouping methods. Syphilis detection was performed by identifying antibodies in human serum through the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The study comprised ۲۰۰ blood donors of various ages, including ۱۱۸ men (۵۹%) and ۸۲ women (۴۱%) who donated blood voluntarily. Among the participants, blood group A had a seropositivity rate of ۶۰.۵% (۱۲۱ cases), while blood groups O and B showed seropositivity rates of ۶۵% (۱۳۰ cases) and ۴۷% (۹۴ cases), respectively. Blood group AB had the lowest seropositivity rate at ۲۷.۵% (۵۵ cases). In terms of the Rh factor, ۱۵۱ seropositive individuals (۷۵.۵%) were Rh positive, while ۴۹ (۲۴.۵%) were Rh negative. The findings indicate that blood group O has the highest frequency of seropositivity, whereas blood group AB has the lowest. Additionally, blood group O is the most common among voluntary donors, reflecting the highest number of seropositive donors, while blood group AB has the least.

کلیدواژه ها:

ELISA ، Immunohematology ، Seropositivity Patterns ، Transfusion Safety ، Treponema pallidum