Introduction:
Malformative uropathies are particularly common in children. They primarily concern the excretory tract and are readily obstructive. Imaging plays a vital role in their characterization and management. This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of renal scintigraphy (SR) in the management of malformative uropathies of upper excretory tract.Methods: This is a retrospective study that included renal scintigraphy examination records carried out from January ۳۱, ۲۰۲۰ to January ۳۱, ۲۰۲۳ in children aged ۰ to ۱۵ years in the nuclear medicine department of the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital in Ouagadougou.Results: The average age of children was ۴.۷ years with extremes of ۵ days and ۱۴ years. The M/F sex ratio was ۳.۶۳.
Pyeloureteral junction syndrome represented ۷۸.۴۳% of cases (n=۴۰). The malformations investigated were mainly bilateral (n=۲۵). Morphological analysis of RS revealed hypotrophy-type abnormalities (n right = ۵; n left =۳), right hypertrophy (n = ۴), pelvic kidney (n right = ۱; n left =۲), megaureter (n right = ۲; n left =۱), absence of the left kidney (n= ۲). Renal units (۵۱ x ۲) were classified into ۴ groups according to the values of Relative Renal Function (RRF). Group ۱ with RFR ۱۰% had a number of ۲۱ renal units (n right = ۱۱; n left = ۱۰). Group ۲ was characterized by ۱۰ ≤ RRF < ۴۳%: its number was ۲۴ renal units (n = ۱۲ on each side). Group ۳ was characterized by ۴۳ ≤ RRF < ۵۷%: it totaled ۱۴ renal units n right = ۸ ; n left = ۶. Group ۴ was characterized by an RRF > ۵۷%: it totaled ۴۳ renal units (۲۰ on the right and ۲۳ on the left). ۵۸ renal units (۳۰ on the right and ۲۸ on the left) had delayed uptake. Drainage was mainly impaired (۶۷.۸۵%) with ۳ left non-funtioning kidneys and ۲ right non-funtioning kidneys. The hyperdiuresis test carried out according to the F+۲۰ protocol revealed ۳۰ mechanical obstuctions (۱۴ on the right and ۱۶ on the left), ۳۹ functional obstacles (۱۸ on the right and ۲۱ on the left) and ۷ equivocal obstacles (۵ on the right and ۲ on left).Conclusion:
Renal scintigraphy with induced hyperdiuresis test is a sensitive examination in the characterization of the malformative pathology of upper excretory tract. It makes it possible to establish the etiological diagnosis, essential information for the therapeutic decision.
