Calculation of hand dose in nuclear medicine staff during the administration of syringes and handling of vials containing Sr-۸۹ and In-۱۱۱

Introduction: Nuclear medicine (NM) staff are frequently exposed to higher radiation doses than other occupational groups, particularly in the hands, due to the direct manipulation of radiopharmaceutical syringes and vials. This study aimed to quantify the absorbed dose to the hands of NM staff during syringe injection and vial handling of two clinically relevant radionuclides, Sr-۸۹ and In-۱۱۱, using the GATE Monte Carlo code.Methods: A high-resolution voxelized hand phantom was employed to model syringe injections with ۲ mm and ۹ mm tungsten shields, and vial handling with and without a ۲۵ mm lead shield. Absorbed dose was quantified at the skin of the fingertips and hand.Results: Our results showed that unshielded syringe injections of In-۱۱۱ produced absorbed doses nearly ۴.۷-fold higher than those of Sr-۸۹. Application of a ۹ mm tungsten syringe shield reduced the hand dose from In-۱۱۱ by approximately ۵۶۰۰ fold. During unshielded vial handling, the In-۱۱۱ dose was about ۶۵ times higher than that of Sr-۸۹, whereas using a ۲۵ mm lead shield reduced the absorbed dose to nearly negligible levels.Conclusion: Spatial dose distribution revealed that the index fingertip received the highest dose during syringe injection, whereas the thumb was most exposed during vial handling. These findings highlight the need for optimized shielding strategies and improved dosimetry approaches to ensure occupational safety in NM practice.

کلیدواژه ها:

Monte Carlo ، Hand ، Absorbed dose ، Nuclear medicine staff