Design and Simulation of a Microcontroller-Based Smart Battery Charging Station for Electric Vehicles

One of the most significant barriers to the adoption of Electric Vehicles is the time it takes to charge them. This paper presents the design and simulation of a microcontroller-based battery-swapping station for electric vehicles. The core contribution is a robust, triple-source energy management system (solar, grid, and generator) designed to continuously power the charging of a large battery inventory, enabling sub-۱۰-minute battery exchanges for users. This directly supports SDG ۷ (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG ۱۳ (Climate Action). The system is autonomous, powered by a triple-source energy management system comprising solar, grid, and generator sources, ensuring an uninterrupted power supply. A programmable buck converter was used to provide a ۱۴V ± ۰.۵V output, continuously maintaining a stable charging voltage. In particular, the input can vary from ۱۸V to ۴۰V, but the output voltage is fixed at ۱۴V during charging. Results from the Proteus simulation indicated that the system managed the sources to the best of its performance, providing up to ۹۳.۱A to the charging equipment. A buck converter was used to efficiently adjust the output to ۱۰۰A, supporting a quick transition from constant current to constant voltage (CC-CV) during charging. Therefore, this design provides an efficient and reliable battery-swapping station well-suited for areas with unreliable grid power, thereby contributing to SDG ۱۱ (Sustainable Cities and Communities).

کلیدواژه ها:

Battery ، Buck converter ، charging station ، Electric Vehicle ، Microprocessor ، Solar energy ، Smart Charging