Palliative Effects of Date Palm Pollen and Its Green Selenium Nanoparticles on FSH, LH, and Ovarian Histology in PCOS Mouse Model

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine-metabolic disorder characterized by elevated androgen levels, and infertility resulting from anovulation. Selenium supplementation has been reported to improve follicular quality by enhancing insulin sensitivity, reducing lipid peroxidation, and mitigating inflammatory responses. Additionally, the beneficial effects of selenium and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on insulin resistance in women with PCOS have been well-documented.  Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of green synthesized SeNPs using plant derived compounds, including date palm pollen (DPP) on a mouse model of PCOS.  Methods: Thirty NMRI mice were randomly allocated into ۶ groups, including control, PCOS, PCOS+DPP (۲۰۰ and ۲۰ mg/kg body weight), and PCOS+SeNPs (۲ and ۰.۲ mg/kg body weight). Following ۱۴ days of treatment, serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured and ovarian folliculogenesis were evaluated through histopathological analysis. Results: The findings indicated that treatment with DPP at a dose of ۲۰۰ mg/kg resulted in a significant increase in serum FSH levels (P≤۰.۰۵) and a significant decrease in LH levels (P≤۰.۰۱) as compared with SeNPs (۲ and ۰.۲ mg/kg). In contrast, treatment with SeNPs at dose of ۰.۲ mg/kg revealed more effective in serum level rather than ۲ mg/kg. Histopathological evaluation revealed that the aqueous extract of DPP (۲۰۰ mg/kg) led to a marked reduction in cystic follicles and an increase in secondary, growing follicles, and corpus luteum rather than treatment with SeNPs (۲ and ۰.۲ mg/kg).  Conclusion: Overall, compared with green synthesized SeNPs, the aqueous extract of DPP appears to exert more pronounced therapeutic effects on PCOS-related ovarian abnormalities, likely due to its bioactive constituents. Nevertheless, additional studies are warranted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.

کلیدواژه ها:

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) ، Date palm pollen (DPP) ، Green synthesis ، Folliculogenesis ، Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)