Fiber Optic Sensors and Fiber Bragg Gratings in Structural Health Monitoring of Large Passenger Aircraft

In recent years, structural health monitoring (SHM) in the aviation industry has become an important topic for increasing safety, reducing maintenance costs, and extending the service life of aircraft structures. Large passenger aircraft, due to their large dimensions, complex loading conditions, and exposure to varying environmental conditions, require precise monitoring systems to assess the structural condition of critical components such as wings, fuselage, and other vital parts. In this context, fiber optic sensors- particularly Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors have emerged as a modern technology for aircraft structural health monitoring due to their light weight, high resistance to electromagnetic interference, high measurement accuracy, and the ability to be installed at various points within the structure. The aim of this paper is to review the application of fiber optic sensors in monitoring parameters such as strain, temperature, and structural loads. In this study, previous research in the field of aviation is reviewed, and the application of these sensors in aircraft structures is analyzed. Furthermore, their use in monitoring the structural health of aircraft wings, fuselage, and several critical components is examined. The results indicate that the use of fiber optic sensors can play a significant role in improving structural health monitoring systems, enhancing flight safety, and reducing maintenance costs in large passenger aircraft.

کلیدواژه ها:

Fiber optic sensors ، Fiber Bragg grating ، Structural health monitoring ، Avionics