Exosome-Based Biomarkers and Therapeutics in Cancer:Current Insights and Future Directions

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide and continues to pose a major challenge to healthcare systems. Therefore, the development of effective methods for early diagnosis and treatment is of great importance. In recent years, exosomes have gained considerable attention in cancer research due to their important role in intercellular communication. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles released by different cell types and contain various biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, DNA, RNA, and microRNAs. These molecules can provide valuable information about the biological state of cells and tissues. This review was conducted using articles collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and SID databases to examine the role of exosomes in cancer diagnosis and therapy. The findings of previous studies suggest that exosomes can serve as useful biomarkers for early cancer detection, disease monitoring, and prognosis. In addition, their ability to carry therapeutic molecules has made them promising tools for targeted drug delivery and cancer treatment. However, challenges such as exosome heterogeneity, difficulties in isolation and characterization, and regulatory concerns still limit their clinical application. Overall, exosomes offer new opportunities for improving cancer diagnosis and treatment. Further research is needed to overcome current limitations and support the use of exosome-based approaches in clinical practice

کلیدواژه ها:

Exosomes ، Cancer ، Biomarkers ، Drug Delivery ، Exosomal miRNA