The Impact of Body Mass Index on Clinical and Sonographic Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Cross-Sectional Study

Background & Objective: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, with obesity exacerbating its metabolic and hormonal complications. This study was conducted with aim to evaluate the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and clinical/sonographic features in PCOS women.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January ۲۰۲۳ to August ۲۰۲۴. The participants were categorized into BMI groups: underweight (<۱۸.۵), normal (۱۸.۵-۲۴.۹), overweight (۲۵-۲۹.۹), and obese (≥۳۰). Clinical data (menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, acne, infertility) and transvaginal/transabdominal ultrasound measurements were collected. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version ۲۵) and chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. P≤۰.۰۵ was considered significant.Results: Participants’ mean age was ۲۶.۴۳±۶.۳۱۵ years; ۶۳.۴% had BMI≥۲۵, with ۳۶% obese class I. High BMI correlated significantly with hirsutism (P=۰.۰۰۱), infertility (P=۰.۰۰۱), and combined symptoms (oligomenorrhea + hirsutism, P=۰.۰۰۱). Married women predominantly presented with infertility (n=۶۰), while single women showed higher hirsutism prevalence (P=۰.۰۰۱). Ultrasound revealed that ۸۰% of high-BMI women exhibited ≥۱ PCOS symptom versus ۲۰% with normal BMI. No significant link emerged between BMI and ovarian volume >۱۰ mL.Conclusion: Elevated BMI strongly associates severe PCOS manifestations, particularly hirsutism and infertility. Ovarian volume, while a diagnostic criterion, requires integration with clinical and biochemical assessments for accurate diagnosis.

کلیدواژه ها:

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ، Body Mass Index ، Ovarian volume ، Ultrasonography ، Obesity ، Hirsutism ، infertility