Risk Factors of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women with Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

Background & Objective: Various factors have been identified as being associated to stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse, including childbirth, obesity, education level, age, history of hysterectomy, and menopausal status. This study was conducted with aims to identify the risk factors for Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) in women with Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP).Materials & Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted on ۱۱۰ women (۵۵ cases with POP and SUI; ۵۵ controls with POP only) at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital from ۲۰۲۰ to ۲۰۲۴. Data on demographic, obstetric, and clinical variables were collected from medical records. Bivariate analysis was used, followed by multivariate logistic regression to determine independent risk factors.Results: The multivariate logistic regression model identified four independent risk factors. Menopause increased the odds of SUI by nearly four times (OR=۳.۹۰۵; ۹۵% CI: ۱.۳۰۱-۱۱.۷۱۷; P=۰.۰۱۵). Elevated BMI conferred a threefold increased risk (OR=۳.۰۰۱; ۹۵% CI: ۱.۵۹۱-۵.۶۵۹; P=۰.۰۰۱). A history of hysterectomy was associated with a tenfold increase in risk (OR=۱۰.۰۶۹; ۹۵% CI: ۱.۹۵۲-۵۱.۹۴۳; P=۰.۰۰۶). The strongest predictor was a family history of urinary incontinence, which increased the odds nearly twelvefold (OR=۱۱.۷۵۰; ۹۵% CI: ۱.۷۹۷-۷۶.۸۴۶; P=۰.۰۱۰).Conclusion: Menopause, elevated BMI, a history of hysterectomy, and a family history of urinary incontinence are significant independent risk factors for SUI in women with POP. These findings highlight the importance of considering a combination of hormonal, metabolic, surgical, and genetic factors in the clinical assessment and management of POP patients.

کلیدواژه ها:

BMI ، Hysterectomy ، menopause ، Pelvic organ prolapse ، Risk Factors ، Stress Urinary Incontinence