Interrelation Between Biochemical Markers and p۵۳ Gene Expression in Infertile Males

Background & Objective: Male infertility which affects ۱۰-۱۵% of couples globally involves genetic, hormonal, inflammatory, and metabolic factors. Biochemical markers such as testosterone, FSH, LH, estradiol, IL-۶, and PSA influence testicular function and sperm quality. The p۵۳ gene, a tumor suppressor regulating apoptosis and DNA repair, has been linked to testicular dysfunction, sperm abnormalities, and reproductive cancer risk. This study was conducted with aim to investigate the association between biochemical markers and p۵۳ gene expression in infertile males.Materials & Methods: This case-control study was conducted in ۲۰۲۲-۲۰۲۴ and recruited ۱۵۰ infertile (cases) and ۱۵۰ fertile males (controls) aged ۲۵-۴۵ years. Blood samples were analyzed for hormonal and inflammatory markers using ELISA, and p۵۳ gene expression was assessed via Real-Time PCR. Statistical analyses (t-tests, ROC curves, quantile regression) were conducted using Stata ۱۷.۰, with significance set at P<۰.۰۵.Results: Among ۳۰۰ participants (with mean age: ۳۷.۱±۵.۶ years), significant differences were observed in biochemical and hormonal markers (P<۰.۰۰۱). FSH, LH, testosterone, estradiol, PSA, IL-۶, and p۵۳ gene expression varied between the two groups. ROC analysis showed that FSH had the highest diagnostic accuracy (AUC=۰.۹۶۱۵), while p۵۳ gene expression had moderate discrimination ability (AUC=۰.۶۹۴۳). Regression analysis indicated lower testosterone increased infertility risk, and IL-۶ was a key predictor.Conclusion: FSH, testosterone, PSA, IL-۶, and p۵۳ gene expression significantly differed between infertile and fertile men. FSH had the highest diagnostic accuracy, IL-۶ predicted infertility, low testosterone increased dysfunction risk, and elevated PSA suggested cancer risk, highlighting the role of hormonal and inflammatory markers in infertility and cancer assessment.

کلیدواژه ها:

Hormonal imbalance ، Infertility ، Inflammatory cytokines ، p۵۳ gene expression ، Reproductive dysfunction