Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Dactylorhiza fuchsii Tubers as a Promising Medicinal Plant Raw Material

This article presents a comprehensive pharmacognostic characterization of Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Druce) Soó tubers as a promising medicinal plant material (MPM). The study was conducted using macroscopic, microscopic, phytochemical, and physicochemical analytical methods consistent with modern pharmacognostic practice. Macroscopic analysis described the primary diagnostic features of the tubers, including shape, size, color, and surface texture. Microscopic examination revealed anatomical and diagnostic elements characteristic of the underground organs of members of the Orchidaceae family, including parenchymatous tissues with storage substance inclusions and elements of the vascular system. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of biologically active compounds, including polysaccharides, flavonoids, anthracene derivatives, and saponins, confirming the pharmacological potential of this species. Determination of physicochemical parameters (i.e., moisture, ash content, and extractives) demonstrated that the raw material quality complies with regulatory requirements for medicinal plants. A comparative analysis revealed similarities in the pharmacognostic characteristics of D. fuchsii with other representatives of the genus Dactylorhiza, as well as with the general diagnostic features of the Orchidaceae family. These results demonstrate the pharmacopoeia suitability of D. fuchsii tubers and justify their further study for possible inclusion in the nomenclature of MPMs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Dactylorhiza fuchsia ، Orchidaceae family ، Biologically active substances ، medicinal plants ، traditional medicine