Structural Features of Xanthone from Leaves of Garcinia nigrolineata Planch. ex T. Anderson against ۴T۱ Breast Cancer Cells and DPPH Radicals

Xanthones are the most dominant phenolic compounds found in the genus Garcinia. Structurally, xanthones possess antioxidant potential, scavenging harmful free radicals. Xanthones also show cytotoxic potential against various cancer cells. To reveal the cytotoxic and antioxidant potential of xanthone derivatives from Garcinia nigrolineata Planch. ex. T. Anderson leaves against DPPH radicals is the aim of this study. Phytochemical investigations on G. nigrolineata yielded two xanthone derivatives, namely ۵-O-methylmacluraxanthone and macluraxanthone. The structures of the xanthone were determined using ۱D and ۲D NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution MS data. Variations in oxygenation patterns, particularly the presence of a hydroxyl group, have been demonstrated to have a considerable impact on radical scavenging and cytotoxic activity. Macluraxanthone showed antioxidant potential against DPPH radicals with an IC۵۰ value of ۶.۳۲ µg/mL, while ۵-O-methylmacluraxanthone was inactive. Macluraxanthone also showed moderate activity against breast cancer (۴T۱ cells) with an IC۵۰ value of ۳۲.۵۸ µM. These findings highlight that minor structural modifications can critically alter their biological performance.

کلیدواژه ها:

Garcinia nigrolineata ، ۵-O-methylmacluraxanthone ، macluraxanthone ، Anticancer ، Antioxidant