Comparative study of visual and auditory working memory of stutterers with no stutterers

Background and Aim: Speaking fluently requires components such as motor abilities, language abilities, emotional-emotional abilities. Stuttering is a mental disorder of speech that is caused by disturbance in speech motor behavior (elongated or repetitive production and phonetic motions) resulting in repetitive or inaudible sounds, syllables, and interrupted and elongated words. Psychological theories are among the growth factors that suggest that failure or delay may occur during the process of phonological encoding or the retrieval and projection of phonological components of the word. According to these theories, failure or delay in phonological encoding may lead to inappropriate speech. Many researchers suggest that the design of phonological components during phonological encryption requires the use of phonological memory or the ability to preserve auditory and phonological information for short-term retrieval. One of the most important executive actions is working memory. Working memory refers to the brain system that provides temporary storage and manipulation of information for complex cognitive activities such as language comprehension, learning, and reasoning. Adult performance has stuttering abnormal recognition activities and reading speed indicates deficits in phonological working memory. Methods In this study, using cognitive software(N-Back Test, Digit Span Test) visual and auditory working memory between ۶۰ stutterers and ۶۰ stutterers who had no history of seizure, psychiatry, mental retardation, and sensory-motor disorders, ranged in age from ۱۷ to ۴۰ years. Comparative analysis was performed and data were analyzed using statistical software. Results: Given that stuttering adults have undergone a golden period of treatment and, in addition to the appearance of many symptoms, they show many hidden symptoms of stuttering, which are limiting factors for communication and educational, social and occupational status; And on the other hand, as common stuttering treatments include prolonged periods of training and continuous training to modify speech patterns and their fixation in the individual; this article attempts to compare the evaluation of cognitive ability (working memory) between Identify and use modern stutterers and stutterers, new ways to treat stuttering. Conclusion: The results indicated that reaction time was longer when evaluating working memory in stutterers than non-stutterers. The results show clear differences between the two groups during ۲ Beck, but in thel Beck exercise that was cognitively less stressful, it was practically the same. People with stuttering performed more difficult in the memory task test than those without stuttering.

کلیدواژه ها:

stuttering ، Auditory working memory ، Visual working memory ، phonological encoding