Development of an Event-Based Upper-Level Controller for the Safe and Efficient Coordination of Regenerative and Hydraulic Braking in Electric Vehicles

With Electric Vehicles (EVS) overtaking the transportation fleet, there is a need for developing new technologies that leverage the exclusive architecture of EVs. This research tackles one of these essential features regenerative braking systems. Despite regenerative braking's remarkable advantages, it has some limitations that jeopardize the safety of the braking system. Thereby, the collaboration between regenerative braking systems and hydraulic braking systems is imperative in electric vehicles. This paper proposes an event-based high-level controller that coordinates torque distribution between hydraulic and regenerative braking. The proposed controller leverages the electric machine to provide high-frequency variations in commanded torque, while the hydraulic modulator offers the mean portion of the braking torque demand. The controller is designed using the model-based approach. Hence, a precise model of the vehicle uni-tire dynamics is developed and experimentally validated. Also, the performance of the high-level braking torque coordinator is validated via MiL tests and compared with single-actuator braking systems. Results demonstrate that the proposed system maintains robust longitudinal slip control when activating anti-lock function, and recovers a significant amount of energy during normal braking. Therefore, it achieves a balance between braking safety and energy efficiency.

کلیدواژه ها:

Blended Braking ، Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) ، Regenerative Braking ، Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) ، Event-based Control