Effects of Native Iranian Probiotic Mix on Serum TNF-α Levels and Anxiety-like Behavior in ۶-OHDA-Induced Parkinsonian Rats

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of both motor and non-motor symptoms. Recent studies suggest that the gut–brain axis and probiotics play important roles in modulating neuroinflammation and behavioral alterations in PD. This study aimed to investigate the effects of an indigenous Iranian probiotic mixture on anxiety-like behaviors and serum TNF-α levels in a ۶-hydroxydopamine (۶-OHDA) rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Fifteen adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, ۶-OHDA + saline, and ۶-OHDA + probiotics. Parkinsonism was induced by stereotaxic injection of ۶-OHDA (۱۰ µg in ۲ µL saline with ۰.۰۲% ascorbic acid) into the right striatum. The probiotic mixture (~۱۰⁹ CFU/mL; ۱ mL/day) was administered orally for ۲۱ days. Behavioral tests, including apomorphine-induced rotation, elevated plus maze, forced swim test, and cylinder test, were performed. Serum TNF-α levels were measured using ELISA. Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced motor asymmetry and improved anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors compared with the Parkinsonian group (p< ۰.۰۱). Serum TNF-α concentrations also decreased markedly in the probiotic-treated rats, indicating anti-inflammatory effects. Indigenous Iranian probiotics exhibited neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties in the PD model, suggesting their potential as safe, complementary treatments for managing both motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. The use of a combination of indigenous Iranian probiotic strains, each possessing unique biological properties, may represent an advantage over previous studies that investigated only one or a limited number of probiotic species.

کلیدواژه ها:

Gut-brain axis ، Neuroinflammation ، Parkinson’s disease ، Probiotics ، TNF-α