Programmable Islamic Epistemology for the Modern Sciences: A Critical-Realist Bridges to Cosmology, Quantum Foundations, and Consciousness

This study develops a “programmable” Islamic epistemological framework that brings together kalām, Sufi ethics, and empirical method within one structured workflow. Here, “programmable” means translating metaphysical and ethical commitments into clear inputs, decision rules, checkpoints, and outputs that can be consistently applied and reviewed. The framework aims to improve explanation and testability in fields where metaphysical assumptions shape how evidence is interpreted. Al-Sanūsī’s three judgements are converted into design rules—ethical gates, empirical warrants, and rational-coherence checks—while eight Islamic epistemic sources are arranged into a typed warrant model within a critical-realist perspective. Rather than presenting completed empirical studies, the article offers a methodological framework and illustrative applications using Bayesian model comparison, decision checkpoints, and dual-track protocols linking first-person reports with neural measures.The framework makes three illustrative contributions. In cosmology, it clarifies the role of priors and posterior sensitivity in fine-tuning debates. In quantum foundations, it proposes reporting standards grounded in Bell-type tests and the measurement problem. In consciousness studies, it presents intentionality-sensitive designs that connect phenomenology and neural dynamics under strict ethical safeguards. The program makes priors explicit, strengthens adjudication, and distinguishes normative, empirical, and rational warrants when setting priors and checking external validity.

کلیدواژه ها:

metaphysics ، epistemology ، Kalām ، critical realism ، quantum indeterminacy ، consciousness studies ، Bayesian inference