Optimization of Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of a Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engine Fueled with Hemp Oil Methyl Ester and Pine Oil Blends using Response Surface Methodology

This study investigates the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder diesel engine in dual-fuel Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) mode, using pine oil as the low-reactivity fuel (LRF) and hemp seed oil methyl ester (HOME) as the high-reactivity fuel (HRF). Tests were conducted at ۱۵۰۰ rpm on a ۵.۲ kW engine with pine oil energy shares of ۱۰%, ۲۰%, and ۳۰%. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize parameters and predict outcomes. The optimum was found at ۵۲.۸۸% load and ۳۰% pine oil, where the ۳۰P-HOME blend delivered a brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of ۳۳.۹۸% and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of ۰.۲۴ kg/kWh. Compared to diesel, this blend increased peak in-cylinder pressure by ۱.۸% and heat release rate (HRR) by ۸.۲%, while reducing NOx and smoke emissions by ۶.۲۵% and ۹.۳۵%, respectively. The ignition delay extended to ۱۳.۶° crank angle (CA), promoting better fuel–air mixing, and the combustion duration shortened to ۴۳.۲° CA, enhancing energy release. RSM predictions closely matched experimental data with deviations within ±۵%. The findings point to the prospect of pine oil and HOME blends as a sustainable and efficient alternative for RCCI engine operation.

کلیدواژه ها:

Reactivity controlled compression ignition ، Dual fuel ، Pine oil ، Hemp seed oil methyl ester ، Biofuel ، Emission