Global diet quality score (GDQS) in relation to high fasting blood glucose in adults: A cross-sectional study

Global diet quality score (GDQS), a food-based dietary assessment tool, has emerged as a robust predictor for nutrient adequacy and the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCD). The current investigation aimed to examine the associations of GDQS and its sub-metrics with high fasting blood glucose in Iranian adults. This cross-sectional survey was conducted among ۵۲۷ Iranian adults (۴۵.۷% female) selected by multistage cluster random-sampling method. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate participants’ dietary intake. GDQS metric consists of ۲۵ food groups, comprising ۱۶ healthy food groups (GDQS+ sub-metric), ۷ unhealthy food groups and ۲ food groups categorized as unhealthy in excessive amounts (GDQS- sub-metric). Food group intakes were classified in to ۳ or ۴ categories and group-specific scores subsequently assigned to each category. The overall score was derived by summing points from all food groups. Finally, participants were classified based on tertiles of GDQS. Participants had a mean age of ۴۲.۷±۱۱.۲ years. After making adjustments for potential confounders, higher adherence to GDQS+ was associated with ۵۴% reduced odds of high fasting blood glucose (ORT۳ vs. T۱ = ۰.۴۶; ۹۵% CI: ۰.۲۱-۰.۹۷). No further significant associations were observed. The present investigation demonstrated a significant inverse relationship between GDQS+ and high fasting blood glucose. Future well-designed prospective studies are warranted to confirm the results.

کلیدواژه ها:

Global diet quality score ، High blood pressure ، Adults ، Cross-sectional study.