Eco-Tech Revolution: Harnessing Information and Data Science for Sustainable Economic Transformation

The accelerating convergence of information and communication technologies (ICT), big data analytics, and artificial intelligence presents a transformative opportunity for sustainable economic development. This study investigates the empirical relationship between data science infrastructure, digital technology adoption, and green economic growth across ۷۸ countries over the period ۲۰۱۰–۲۰۲۲. Grounded in the Resource-Based View of technology adoption, Ecological Modernisation Theory, and the Sustainable Development framework, the study employs a robust multi-model econometric strategy comprising fixed-effects panel regression, random-effects estimation, System Generalised Method of Moments (System-GMM) to address endogeneity, and Difference-in-Differences (DID) analysis to exploit policy discontinuities. The main dataset integrates indicators from the World Bank Development Indicators, ITU ICT Development Index, Global Carbon Project, and the Oxford Digital Readiness Index. Results consistently demonstrate that a one-standard-deviation increase in the ICT composite index is associated with a statistically significant ۰.۱۲–۰.۲۰ percentage-point increase in green GDP growth, while big data adoption exhibits an independent positive effect of comparable magnitude (۰.۰۸–۰.۱۴ percentage points). Critically, the effects are heterogeneous: high-income OECD nations benefit most, while low-income economies display insignificant coefficients, indicating a pronounced digital sustainability divide. CO₂ emission intensity exerts a robust negative drag on green growth, underscoring the complementarity between decarbonisation and digital transition. Mediation analysis confirms that renewable energy adoption and human capital formation partially mediate the ICT–sustainability nexus. The study contributes novel cross-country empirical evidence, a conceptual Eco-Tech Transformation Framework, and actionable policy recommendations concerning digital public infrastructure, data governance, and capacity building.

کلیدواژه ها:

Green Economic Growth ، Big Data Analytics ، Sustainable Development ، Panel Econometrics ، Digital Sustainability Divide