An overview of laser-induced graphene (LIG) for sensing applications

Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has gained significant attention as a novel nanomaterial for sensing applications due to its unique structural, electrical, and chemical properties. Formed by direct laser irradiation of carbon-rich or polymeric precursors, LIG possesses a highly porous three-dimensional morphology, exceptional electrical conductivity, and abundant active surface sites, all of which facilitate strong analyte interactions and efficient signal generation. Its fabrication process is simple, scalable, and mask-free, allowing for patterning on diverse flexible substrates, making it especially attractive for the development of wearable and portable sensors. LIG-based devices have been successfully demonstrated in chemical and gas detection, electrochemical and biosensing, strain and pressure sensing, as well as environmental and health monitoring. Moreover, its tunable surface chemistry and compatibility with functionalization strategies enable selective detection of target molecules, further enhancing sensing performance. In this work, in a brief and overview manner, first the laser technology and its different types were introduced based on the wavelength and pulse duration, and their types were briefly introduced. In the next step, the types of nanomaterials produced with the help of Laser Pyrolysis were discussed. Then, laser-induced graphene(LIG) and their characterization were discussed. Finally, the application of sensors made by LIG was explained.

کلیدواژه ها:

Laser-induced graphene ، Laser Pyrolysis ، nanomaterials ، biosensing