Investigating the Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Robotic Surgery and Analyzing its Effects on the Accuracy and Effectiveness of Surgical Processes

Background: Robotic surgery, as a new method in medicine, allows surgeons to operate with greater precision and control while reducing post-surgical complications. The integration of artificial intelligence into robotic surgery elevates this technology to more advanced levels. The aim of this study is to investigate the applications of artificial intelligence in robotic surgery and analyze its effects on the accuracy and effectiveness of surgical procedures. Materials and Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane database were searched from ۲۰۱۸ to ۲۰۲۴. Keywords included artificial intelligence, machine learning, robotic surgery, and their English equivalents. A total of ۶۵ articles related to the searched keywords were collected. Inclusion criteria included at least two keywords in the title, the highest content match with the research title, and availability of the full text of the article. Finally, after assessing the quality of the articles, ۹ articles were identified as eligible articles and included in the study. Results: One of the major advancements in robotic surgery is the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) systems that help surgeons analyze data and make more accurate decisions. AI algorithms, by increasing the accuracy of robotic arms, enable more complex surgeries, especially in the fields of neurology and orthopedics. These systems are able to analyze images of the surgical field in real time and identify vital structures such as vessels and tumors. AI also provides feedback on tissue and its resistance by optimizing the movements of surgical instruments and improving the sense of touch through the robotic interface. ML algorithms are effective in predicting tissue behavior and preventing tissue damage. In addition, AI helps reduce the surgeon's workload and increase the accuracy of the operation by automatically adjusting surgical steps such as suturing and tissue dissection. These innovations provide real-time decision-making support for surgeons. Conclusion: Integrating AI into robotic surgery has the potential to improve the accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility of surgical procedures, which can lead to better patient outcomes and reduced surgical complications. However, barriers such as cost, data quality, ethical issues, and regulatory constraints must be carefully considered to enable responsible and effective adoption of this technology.

کلیدواژه ها:

Robotic surgery ، artificial intelligence ، machine learning