Center, Periphery, and Resistant Translation: Reading Amiri Baraka's Dutchman through Even-Zohar's Polysystem Theory

This paper attempts to apply Itamar Even-Zohar's polysystem theory, initially used to analyze the position of literary translations, to Amiri Baraka's play Dutchman (۱۹۶۴), in order to show how the play operates as a resistant translation. While traditional racial dramas such as A Raisin in the Sun domesticate Black experience within the parameters of white liberal psychological realism and catharsis, Baraka rejects such translation. Through an examination of the theatrical center of the ۱۹۶۰s, characterized by the well-made play and accommodating racial scripts, this paper will demonstrate how Dutchman establishes itself as peripheral both through its Off-Broadway production, its formal rebellion, and its violent language. By applying Even-Zohar's categories of primary and secondary translation, and Lawrence Venuti's theory of foreignization, this paper will argue that Dutchman does not seek inclusion in the existing canon, but rather restructures the canonicity criteria themselves

کلیدواژه ها:

Polysystem theory ، resistant translation ، Even-Zohar ، Venuti ، Dutchman