Remineralizing effects of fluoride varnishes containing nanohydroxyapatite or casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate

Objective: This study compared the effects of sodium fluoride varnish (NaF), NaF varnish containing nanohydroxyapatite (nano-HA), and NaF varnish containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on demineralized enamel.Methods: Thirty premolars were split mesiodistally, resulting in ۶۰ specimens. The crowns were immersed in a demineralizing solution (pH ۴.۴) for ۹۶ hours to create incipient carious lesions, then randomly assigned to three groups (n = ۲۰): Group ۱: NaF varnish, Group ۲: NaF varnish containing ۱۰ wt% nano-HA, and Group ۳: NaF varnish containing ۱۰ wt% CPP-ACP. The mineral content of enamel was evaluated by measuring the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (Ca/P) at baseline (T۱), after demineralization (T۲), and following remineralization (T۳) using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and the changes in mineral content between T۲ and T۳ (mineral absorption) were calculated. Data were analyzed with repeated measures and one-way ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni and Tukey tests (α = ۰.۰۵).Results: ANOVA revealed no significant differences in Ca/P ratio at T۱ (P=۰.۹۱) or T۲ (P=۰.۸۸) among groups, but a significant between-group difference was observed at T۳ (P<۰.۰۰۱). The nano-HA-containing NaF group had a significantly higher Ca/P ratio than other groups at T۳ (P<۰.۰۵). There was a significant difference in the percentage of mineral absorption among groups (P<۰.۰۰۱). Group ۱ had the lowest and group ۲ showed the highest percentage of mineral absorption, with significant differences observed among all groups (P<۰.۰۵).Conclusions: NaF varnish containing nano-HA was significantly more effective than other groups in improving the mineral content of demineralized enamel.

کلیدواژه ها:

Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous ، calcium phosphate ، Dental Caries ، Fluoride Varnishes ، Hydroxyapatites ، sodium fluoride ، Tooth remineralization