Antibiotic Resistance in Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections in Qom, Iran

Background and Aim: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in infants and children. The basis of appropriate treatment is the selection of an effective and cost-effective antibiotic, and the main problem in treatment is bacterial resistance, especially Escherichia coli, to commonly used antibiotics. This study was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern in children with UTIs admitted to Hazrat Masoumeh (S) Hospital in ۲۰۲۳-۲۰۲۴. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included ۲۹۹ hospitalized children with UTI and positive urine cultures. Demographic data, culture results, and antibiograms were extracted from medical records and analyzed using SPSS software, version ۲۲ with a significance level of ۰.۰۵. Results: Of the ۲۹۹ patients, ۷۰ (۲۳.۴%) were boys, and ۲۲۹ (۷۶.۶%) were girls. The most common pathogens were Escherichia coli (۷۳.۶%) and Klebsiella spp. (۱۸.۱%). The highest number of infections occurred in autumn. The only clinical sign with a significant association was hematuria. Regarding antibiotic resistance, bacteria were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and tobramycin, but resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and nitrofurantoin. Only white blood cell (WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) showed a significant relationship with the presence of infection. Conclusion: For rational selection of empirical antibiotics in children with UTIs, it is essential to consider gender, age, season, circumcision status, WBC and CRP levels, and local antibiotic resistance patterns to achieve the best treatment outcomes in the shortest time with the fewest complications

کلیدواژه ها:

Antibiotic resistance ، Urine culture ، Children ، Urinary tract infection