Role of P۴۵۰ in the detoxification of pesticides with special references on Plutella xylostella resistance using bioinformatic analysis;

The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is notorious for rapid evolution of resistance, often implicating cytochrome P۴۵۰–mediated detoxification in control failures. This study evaluated whether geographically distinct Iranian populations exhibit consistent or divergent transcriptional responses of two candidate P۴۵۰ genes following exposure to two widely used insecticide classes. We compared three field populations after exposure to acetamiprid (neonicotinoid) and cypermethrin (pyrethroid) and quantified time-dependent transcript changes in CYP۳۲۱E۱ and CYP۹G۲ at ۴۸ h and ۷۲ h, complemented by phylogenetic placement of both loci to contextualize sequence relatedness. CYP۳۲۱E۱ showed pronounced and sustained induction in the Arak population under both insecticides (≈۲۲–۶۸-fold after acetamiprid and ≈۵۰–۵۹-fold after cypermethrin across ۴۸–۷۲ h), whereas Karaj displayed intermediate induction with marked attenuation at ۷۲ h under cypermethrin, and Qazvin exhibited a stronger response to acetamiprid than to cypermethrin with declining expression at ۷۲ h. CYP۹G۲ responses were heterogeneous: Qazvin showed robust induction across insecticides and time points, Arak exhibited a transient increase primarily under cypermethrin at ۴۸ h with minimal late response, and Karaj showed its clearest induction at ۷۲ h under cypermethrin. Phylogenetic reconstructions supported clearer near-neighbor placements but weakly resolved deeper relationships, consistent with rapid P۴۵۰ diversification. Collectively, these findings indicate population-specific detoxification transcriptional architectures and nominate CYP۳۲۱E۱/CYP۹G۲ as region-sensitive candidate markers to prioritize for functional validation and resistance monitoring.

کلیدواژه ها:

CYP۳۲۱E۱ ، CYP۹G۲ ، metabolic resistance ، lepidopteran cytochrome P۴۵۰ ، regional differentiation