Designing a Comprehensive Model of International Cooperation in Marine Tourism Destination Management with a Sustainable Development Approach

This study aims to develop an integrated conceptual–analytical framework to explain the mechanisms through which international cooperation influences marine tourism destination management from a sustainable development perspective. Despite the growing body of literature on marine tourism within the blue economy paradigm, a substantial portion of prior research remains limited to sectoral, local, and single-level analyses and lacks a comprehensive model capable of capturing the dynamic interactions among multi-level governance, cross-border cooperation, joint investment, and technological innovation. Employing a qualitative research design based on document analysis and thematic analysis, this study systematically reviews ۲۵ authoritative scientific and policy documents published between ۲۰۱۵ and ۲۰۲۵. The findings indicate that multi-level governance, as the institutional core of the proposed model, plays a facilitative role in aligning the interests of domestic and international stakeholders. Through its structured interaction with joint investment, technological innovation, and institutionalized stakeholder participation, multi-level governance contributes to the simultaneous enhancement of economic, social, and environmental sustainability in marine tourism destinations. Accordingly, the study proposes an integrated conceptual model that elucidates the mechanisms of international cooperation through feedback loops grounded in continuous monitoring and evidence-based policymaking. By offering a theoretical contribution to the literature on marine tourism destination management, this research also provides significant policy and managerial implications for the design of sustainable marine tourism development strategies at national, regional, and international levels.

کلیدواژه ها:

Marine tourism ، International cooperation ، Multi-level governance ، Blue economy ، Sustainable development