A Resilience-Based Framework for Improving Online Education Quality During Wartime: Integrating Pedagogical, Technological, and Psychological Supports

The rapid expansion of online education during wartime has created significant challenges for educational systems worldwide. Armed conflicts disrupt traditional learning environments and negatively affect students’ academic performance, psychological well being, and access to technological resources. In such conditions, ensuring the continuity and quality of education requires resilient and adaptive educational frameworks. The present study aimed to develop a resilience based framework for improving the quality of online education during wartime through the integration of pedagogical, technological, and psychological support systems.This research employed a quantitative descriptive survey design. The statistical population included university students, instructors, educational administrators, and online learning specialists with experience in online education during crisis conditions. Data were collected using a researcher made questionnaire based on a five point Likert scale. The questionnaire examined three major dimensions: pedagogical support, technological resilience, and psychological support. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multiple regression, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through SPSS and AMOS software.The findings revealed significant positive relationships among all research variables and the quality of online education. Psychological support demonstrated the strongest predictive effect on educational quality, followed by pedagogical adaptability and technological resilience. The regression model explained approximately ۶۹% of the variance in online education quality. Furthermore, the SEM results confirmed that integrating pedagogical, technological, and psychological dimensions significantly improves the sustainability and effectiveness of online learning during wartime.The study concludes that resilient online education requires a holistic and integrated approach that addresses learners’ emotional needs, instructional flexibility, and technological accessibility simultaneously. The proposed framework can support policymakers, educational institutions, and educators in designing sustainable and crisis responsive online education systems.

کلیدواژه ها:

Online Education ، Resilience ، Wartime Education ، Psychological Support