Educational Policy Strategies for Promoting Effective Collaborative Learning: Game Theory Models

Cooperative learning is a key educational approach that improves critical thinking, responsibility, and communication. However, the sustainability of this method faces challenges due to opportunistic behaviors from some students, reducing group efficiency and causing dissatisfaction. This study uses a Stag Hunt game theory model to analyze how incentives and external policies can encourage cooperation. The findings show that, without proper incentives, the equilibrium favors non-cooperation, even though cooperation would lead to higher collective benefits. The paper suggests that schools can improve group dynamics by providing meaningful incentives (such as rewards or bonus points), assigning specific roles within groups, using peer assessments, and offering structured group mechanisms. Additionally, teacher training is crucial for supporting cooperative learning. The proposed strategies aim to foster trust, reduce psychological costs, and make cooperation the dominant strategy in group-based learning environments.

کلیدواژه ها:

Game theory ، static game ، Nash equilibrium ، incentive policy in learning.