Association of Personality Traits and Self-Efficacy with Caregiver Burden in Family Caregivers of Frail Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Purpose: Family caregivers play a crucial role in the long-term care system by providing most supportive services to frail elderly. Previous studies indicate that higher self-efficacy and certain personality traits are associated with reduced caregiver burden. The present study aimed to examine the association between self-efficacy and personality traits with caregiver burden among family caregivers of frail elderly residents in Garmeh County in ۲۰۲۵. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on ۲۴۳ family caregivers selected through a two-stage random sampling method. Data were collected using a demographic information form, the ۱۷-item General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE-۱۷), the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), and the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI). Data were analyzed in SPSS version ۲۶ using independent t tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regressions, with a significance level set at p ≤ ۰.۰۵. Results: The mean age of the caregivers was ۵۱.۶ ± ۱۱.۳ years, with ۹۰.۵% female and ۷۶.۱% married. A significant negative correlation was found between self-efficacy and caregiver burden (r = -۰.۵۶, p < ۰.۰۰۱), as well as between the personality dimensions of extraversion (r = -۰.۶۷, p ≤ ۰.۰۵) and openness to experience (r = -۰.۷۰, p ≤ ۰.۰۵) with caregiver burden. Multiple linear regression identified history of psychiatric visit (β = -۰.۳۱, p < ۰.۰۵), General self-efficacy (β = -۰.۱۰, p < ۰.۰۵), extraversion (β = -۰.۱۶, p = ۰.۰۵), openness to experience (β = -۰.۳۲, p < ۰.۰۵), and conscientiousness (β = -۰.۱۴, p = ۰.۰۵) as significant predictors of caregiver burden. Conclusion: The findings reveal a significant inverse association between self-efficacy and caregiver burden among caregivers, indicating that enhancing self-efficacy may reduce caregiver burden. However, interventional studies are needed to confirm this association. Moreover, designing supportive interventions tailored to caregivers’ personality traits is recommended to effectively reduce caregiver burden and promote family well-being.

کلیدواژه ها:

Self Efficacy ، Personality ، Caregiver Burden ، Caregivers ، Frailty ، Aged