Multi-ethnic power blocs and the failure of state-building in Afghanistan ۲۰۰۱-۲۰۲۱

Initial efforts at state-building in Afghanistan began during the reign of King Amanullah (۱۹۱۹-۱۹۲۹) and continued until the republican era (۲۰۰۱-۲۰۲۱). However, Afghanistan did not have the solid and deep-rooted institutions that are necessary for consolidating state-building and organizing the nation-state. The events of September ۱۱, ۲۰۰۱, and the fall of the first Taliban government, provided a new opportunity to complete the state-building process, which also failed, and the Taliban once again dominated Afghanistan. The main question of this research is focused on identifying the cause of the failure of state-building in Afghanistan during the years of the establishment of the republican system from ۲۰۰۱ to ۲۰۲۱. In response to this hypothesis, it is proposed that multi-ethnic power blocs in Afghanistan, by focusing on the division of power and positions among their followers and affiliates and ignoring the requirements of state-building and its specific tasks, caused the failure and collapse of state-building in ۲۰۲۱. The method of this research is causal-explanatory, and the required data and information were collected through documentary and library methods.Initial efforts at state-building in Afghanistan began during the reign of King Amanullah (۱۹۱۹-۱۹۲۹) and continued until the republican era (۲۰۰۱-۲۰۲۱). However, Afghanistan did not have the solid and deep-rooted institutions that are necessary for consolidating state-building and organizing the nation-state. The events of September ۱۱, ۲۰۰۱, and the fall of the first Taliban government, provided a new opportunity to complete the state-building process, which also failed, and the Taliban once again dominated Afghanistan. The main question of this research is focused on identifying the cause of the failure of state-building in Afghanistan during the years of the establishment of the republican system from ۲۰۰۱ to ۲۰۲۱. In response to this hypothesis, it is proposed that multi-ethnic power blocs in Afghanistan, by focusing on the division of power and positions among their followers and affiliates and ignoring the requirements of state-building and its specific tasks, caused the failure and collapse of state-building in ۲۰۲۱. The method of this research is causal-explanatory, and the required data and information were collected through documentary and library methods.

کلیدواژه ها:

Afghanistan ، state building ، power blocs ، institutions ، ethnic groups ، corruption