Multi-Stage Active Networks and Switched-Capacitor Synergy: A Novel Ultra-High-Gain DC-DC Converter for EV Powertrains

This paper introduces a novel ultra-high-gain DC–DC converter architecture specifically designed for electric vehicle (EV) applications. The converter integrates a switched-capacitor cell with multi-stage inductor–capacitor–two diodes (LC۲D) active networks to achieve sequential energy transfer and voltage stacking while maintaining a minimal component count, including only one semiconductor switch. The proposed topology directly addresses the limitations of conventional converters, namely, restricted voltage gains and excessive voltage stress. Simulation results confirm that the converter achieves a voltage gain of up to ۱۰× at a duty cycle of ۴۱.۵%, stepping a ۴۵V battery input to a ۴۵۰V DC bus level typical of EV traction inverters and onboard chargers. The design consistently delivers conversion efficiencies above ۹۵% across a ۲-۵kW load range, with stable operation, minimal output ripple, and reduced electromagnetic interference. The supported power range aligns with the needs of auxiliary and small-scale EV subsystems. By combining structural simplicity with quantitative performance improvements, the proposed converter offers a compact, reliable, and cost-effective solution for EV powertrains. Overall, the results demonstrate that the converter provides a rigorously validated pathway toward high-gain, high-efficiency DC–DC conversion in EV systems.

کلیدواژه ها:

DC-DC Converter ، Electric Vehicle ، Multi-stage Active Networks ، Semiconductor Switch ، Switched Capacitors