Canine Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma

Background: Canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma (CAA) is the most common odontogenic neoplasm in dogs, originating from gingival epithelium or the epithelial rests of Malassez. Despite its histologically benign appearance, CAA exhibits locally aggressive biological behavior characterized by extensive alveolar bone invasion and occasional histomorphological similarity to squamous cell carcinoma. The condition predominantly affects middle-aged to geriatric dogs, with a predilection for the rostral mandible. Case Presentation: Two cases of CAA were diagnosed at ArenaPath Veterinary Laboratory following histopathological examination of formalin-fixed oral tissue biopsies. The first case involved a ۷-year-old Siberian Husky presenting with a gingival mass. Histopathological evaluation revealed odontogenic epithelium organized in anastomosing cords and islands supported by dense fibrovascular stroma. Characteristic features included peripheral palisading of cuboidal basal cells demonstrating nuclear polarization, with minimal cellular atypia. The second case displayed comparable histological architecture, featuring epithelial cords with prominent intercellular bridges (acanthosis) and a distinctive basophilic stromal-epithelial interface. Results: Both biopsies were diagnosed as Canine Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma. The microscopic findings matched those found in previous literature, confirming the tumor's benign but locally infiltrative nature (Meuten, ۲۰۲۰). No signs of metastasis or significant cytologic atypia were seen. Conclusion: Definitive treatment of CAA requires en bloc surgical excision with adequate margins, as conservative therapeutic approaches are associated with high recurrence rates. These cases underscore the critical histopathological features and locally invasive behavior of CAA, emphasizing the importance of accurate differentiation from more aggressive oral malignancies in canine patients. highlight the important diagnostic features, biological behavior, and the need to distinguish CAA from more aggressive oral tumors in dogs (Jubb & Kennedy, ۲۰۱۶).

کلیدواژه ها:

Canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma ، Odontogenic epithelial tumor ، Oral neoplasia in dogs ، Histopathological diagnosis ، Surgical management