Antimicrobial Resistance: An Epidemiological Threat Within The One Health Framework

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global threat that affects human, animal, and environmental health. The overuse and misuse of antimicrobials in medicine, veterinary practice, and agriculture have accelerated the spread of resistant microbes. Applying the One Health approach is essential to understand these interconnected factors and to develop effective control and prevention strategies. Methods: In this paper, relevant keywords were used to search reputable databases, including Google Scholar, Sci-Hub, PubMed. Results: Evidence indicates that AMR is closely connected between humans, animals, and the environment. The misuse of antibiotics, poor infection control, and pollution with drug residues and resistant genes are the main reasons for its spread. Also, the lack of global monitoring systems makes it difficult to track and respond to new cases of resistance. Conclusion: AMR is a complex and global epidemiological challenge. To control it effectively, stronger antimicrobial stewardship, better monitoring systems, and closer cooperation between human, animal, and environmental sectors are needed under the One Health approach. Global teamwork is essential to protect the effectiveness of antimicrobials for future generations.

کلیدواژه ها:

Antimicrobial resistance ، One health ، Epidemiology