Case report of intranasal Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) in a Shih Tzu dog without visible external lesions

Background: Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a unique and transmissible interstitial neoplasm in canines. Unlike most neoplasms, the causative agent of this tumor is the neoplastic cells themselves, which are transmitted from a diseased host to a healthy case by direct physical contact. The main routes of transmission include contact of these cells with mucous tissues (especially during mating) or damaged skin. Although the most common site of presentation of this tumor is the genital areas of males and females, involvement of extragenital sites, including the nostrils, oral cavity, and eyes, has also been reported. Methods: This article reports a clinical case of transmissible venereal tumor with primary and exclusive involvement of the nasal conchae in a three-year-old male Shih Tzu dog. The patient was referred to a specialized veterinary hospital with clinical symptoms of severe sneezing and epistaxis. Clinical examination and diagnostic imaging suggested an invasive neoplasm in the nasal concha region. Definitive diagnosis was made based on histopathological examination of biopsy specimens and observation of the specific histological features of a transmissible venereal tumor. Results: The treatment protocol was initiated using the chemotherapy drug vincristine sulfate. Clinical follow-up within ۴ months of treatment showed a remarkable response and significant regression of the lesion. Conclusion: This report emphasizes the rare occurrence of this tumor in the nasal region without the concomitant presence of any visible gross lesion in the genital areas and highlights the importance of considering TVT in the differential diagnosis of nasal cavity neoplasms.

کلیدواژه ها:

Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) ، Shih Tzu ، Vincristine ، Cytological examination