Bilateral Ectopic Ureter in a ۲-year-old Shih Tzu Cross: A Case Report

Background: Ectopic ureter is an uncommon congenital anomaly in dogs that frequently causes urinary incontinence, hydronephrosis, and repeated urinary tract disease. Early diagnosis is essential to avoid progressive renal damage. This article describes a case of bilateral ectopic ureters in a young female Shih Tzu crossbreed dog, with diagnostic imaging and hematobiochemical results (Fossum, ۲۰۱۹; Berent, ۲۰۱۱). Methods: A whole female Shih Tzu cross, aged ۲.۵ years, was presented with urinary incontinence in the form of frequent micturition and uncontrollable spraying of urine. Diagnoses included abdominal ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography with contrast medium, and complete blood count with serum biochemistry testing. Results: Ultrasonography showed an enlarged urinary bladder with no masses, stones, or bladder wall thickening. The left kidney was smaller and the renal pelvis and ureter were severely dilated and suggested hydronephrosis and hydroureter secondary to outflow obstruction. IVP showed severe left-sided ureteral and pelvic dilation and mild right ureteral dilation and ectopic vesicoureteral junctions of both ureters, and this confirmed bilateral ectopic ureters. Hematology revealed slightly elevated RBC and hematocrit with lowered MCH and MCHC, reflecting relative dehydration. Biochemistry was marked by increased BUN, hypercholesterolemia, slight hypocalcemia, and albumin-to-globulin ratio fall, consistent with renal impairment and impaired urinary outflow. Conclusion: Summary of the overall findings and the importance of the study This case stresses the usefulness of advanced imaging and laboratory assessment in the diagnosis of ectopic ureters and associated renal dysfunction. Surgical intervention remains the gold standard since without it, delayed or no treatment may result in adverse effects on the renal function and poor outcome. Prompt detection and appropriate management are important to preserve renal function and improve the outcome in involved animals (Visser et al., ۲۰۲۲).

کلیدواژه ها:

Ectopic ureter ، Hydronephrosis ، Canine urinary tract ، IVP ، Shih Tzu cross