Techniques, Outcomes, and Future Directions of Veterinary Surgical Oncology

Background: Oncology remains the major cause of mortality in veterinary patients, representing almost ۴۵% of mortalities over the age of ۱۰ years in dogs and approximately ۳۲% in felines. The major current application of veterinary surgery is found in the realm of veterinary oncology and has come to encompass the primary treatment option in both diagnostic and therapeutic settings. Nonetheless, in spite of current technologic improvements with respect to both diagnostic accuracy and current methodologies, incomplete resection, relapse, and the availability of current technologic options have remained problem areas. Methods: The current paper offers the outcome of the conducted systematic literature search via the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, covering the period from ۲۰۰۰ to ۲۰۲۴. The principal search terms were "veterinary surgical oncology," "surgical oncology in dogs," "feline neoplasia," and "comparative oncology." After carrying out the search, articles were selected using their impact factor (≥۲.۰) and citation index. Lastly, out of ۱,۲۴۶ short-listed articles, ۱۷۶ were short-listed according to our predefined criteria, and analysis was done in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. Generative AI engines were used to enhance linguistic quality, format, and consistency of the manuscript, not affecting any scientific part. Results: Findings show that complete excision significantly increases survival and prevents recurrences. For example, local recurrences in dogs with soft tissue sarcomas were reduced from ۳۵% to ۱۲% if margins > ۲ cm were obtained. Minimally invasive procedures and laser assistance reduced the operation time by ۱۵-۲۰%, and intraoperative fluorescence image guidance improved the rate of complete excision to ۸۲%. Conclusion: There is progressive development in veterinary surgical oncology involving the application of modern technology, multi-modality treatment approaches, and comparative research. Breaking the current barrier in diagnostic availability and advancing surgery further will further enhance survival outcomes and ultimately benefit translational approaches in human cancer treatment.

کلیدواژه ها:

Veterinary surgery ، oncology ، surgical oncology ، cancer ، companion animals