Evaluation of the Effect of Broccoli Nanoparticles on Spermatogenesis in Experimental Diabetes in Male Rats

Background: Diabetes adversely affects sexual function and spermatogenesis. The application of compounds that may mitigate these complications has become an important objective in pharmaceutical research. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of broccoli nanoparticles on spermatogenesis and sperm concentration in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, four groups of rats were used following induction of diabetes with streptozotocin and confirmation of experimental diabetes. The groups included: control (C), untreated diabetic (D), broccoli extract (B), and broccoli nanoparticles (NB). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally for ۲۸ days at a dose of ۳۰۰ mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, body weights were recorded. Sperm samples from the cauda epididymis were collected for counting and morphological assessment. Animals were then euthanized with ketamine/xylazine anesthesia, and testes were excised, weighed, and preserved in ۱۰% buffered formalin for histopathological evaluations. Results: No significant differences were observed in animal body weights or testicular histomorphometric parameters (weight, length, and diameter) between the B and NB groups. However, these parameters significantly differed compared to the D group. Sperm counts in the NB group were significantly higher than in the B, D, and C groups. Although sperm viability did not significantly differ between the NB and B groups, sperm motility was significantly improved in the NB group compared to B (P < ۰.۰۵). Both viability and motility showed significant improvement in the B and NB groups compared to the D group (P < ۰.۰۱). The Johnson’s score was calculated as ۹.۵ ± ۰.۵۸ in group C, ۶.۵ ± ۰.۷۵ in group D, ۸.۷ ± ۰.۶۸ in group B, and ۹.۰ ± ۰.۴۳ in group NB, indicating significant differences between groups B, NB, C, and D (P < ۰.۰۰۱). Conclusion: Due to its greater solubility and permeability compared to the crude extract, broccoli nanoparticles demonstrated superior efficacy in improving male reproductive potential under experimental diabetes.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diabetes ، Broccoli nanoparticles ، Spermatogenesis ، Johnson’s score ، Rats