Recombinant Bacteria as Cell Factories: Advances in Industrial Bioproduct Synthesis

Recombinant bacteria, as engineered biofactories, play an unparalleled role in the industrial production of valuable medical, agricultural, and industrial compounds. These microorganisms are capable of synthesizing recombinant proteins, enzymes, biofuels, polymers, and other secondary metabolites using genetic engineering technologies. This review article reviews the key products produced by recombinant bacteria, methods for optimizing their production, industrial applications, and emerging challenges in this field. Key products produced by recombinant bacteria include human insulin, growth factors and antibodies for cancer treatment and the production of vaccines, industrial enzymes, biofuels, chemicals and biopolymers. Microbial cell factories offer a sustainable platform for producing diverse chemicals. This review highlights recent advances in leveraging recombinant bacteria engineered as efficient cell factories for the synthesis of high-value industrial bioproducts. We discuss cutting-edge strategies in genetic and metabolic engineering that optimize bacterial chassis for enhanced yield, titer, and productivity. Biosynthesis of bulk chemicals, biofuels, fine chemicals, polymers, and nutritional compounds. The integration of synthetic biology, systems biology, and advanced fermentation technologies is revolutionizing bioproduct synthesis, enabling more cost-effective and scalable biomanufacturing processes. Therefore, in order to introduce the advances of recombinant bacteria in the production of industrial and medical products, a systematic review was conducted over a five-year period from ۲۰۲۰ to ۲۰۲۵, examining recent research and review articles published in prestigious journals such as Nature and Biotechnology, etc. Challenges and future prospects in strain development, pathway optimization, and industrial implementation are also addressed, underscoring the transformative potential of engineered bacteria in industrial biotechnology.

کلیدواژه ها:

Recombinant Bacteria ، Industrial Bioproducts ، Bioproduct Synthesis ، Metabolic Engineering ، Industrial Biotechnology