Protective Effects of Resveratrol against Cigarette Smoke-Induced Toxicity: A Multi-Organ Comprehensive Review

Cigarette smoking remains a leading cause of respiratory diseases and poses significant health risks due to its complex composition of over ۷,۰۰۰ harmful chemicals, including free radicals that induce oxidative stress and inflammation. This review focuses on the protective effects of resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound, against cigarette smoke-induced toxicity. Resveratrol demonstrates potent antioxidant properties, enhancing the body's defense mechanisms by reducing reactive oxygen species and modulating inflammatory responses. In vitro studies reveal that resveratrol effectively decreases levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotes cell survival in models exposed to cigarette smoke. Furthermore, in vivo research highlights its ability to alleviate lung damage and inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease models. Resveratrol activates critical signaling pathways, including Nrf۲ and NF-κB, essential for regulating oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. Additionally, the review discusses the dual roles of resveratrol, noting that while it generally mitigates oxidative stress and inflammation, it may exacerbate apoptosis under certain conditions. These findings suggest that resveratrol has the potential to serve as a therapeutic agent for mitigating the adverse effects of cigarette smoking. However, further clinical investigations are warranted to establish its efficacy, optimal dosing strategies, and safety in human populations. Understanding these dynamics will facilitate the development of more effective strategies for combating the health impacts of smoking-related diseases.

کلیدواژه ها:

Resveratrol ، Pharmacology ، Toxicity ، Inflammation ، Lung ، Cigarette Smoke