Study of Cracking the Restrictions of the Refining Hardware through the Synergy between FCC and Hydrocracking Processing Units

The refining industry faces significant challenges due to hardware limitations that restrict operational efficiency, feedstock flexibility, and product yield optimization. This study explores the potential of overcoming these constraints through the synergistic integration of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) and hydrocracking processing units. FCC is a high-temperature, low-pressure process designed for maximizing gasoline and olefins, whereas hydrocracking operates under high-pressure conditions with hydrogen to produce high-quality diesel and jet fuel. By integrating these two processes, refineries can enhance product distribution, reduce operational inefficiencies, and increase flexibility in handling heavier feedstocks. This study examines key technological advancements, including catalyst innovations, process optimization strategies, and Al-driven digitalization, which contribute to the successful synergy between FCC and hydrocracking. Case studies from leading refineries demonstrate improved yield efficiency, reduced carbon emissions, and cost reductions through this integrated approach. Furthermore, the study highlights the economic and environmental benefits, such as lower hydrogen consumption, reduced coke formation, and increased sustainability, aligning with evolving fuel regulations. Future advancements, including next-generation catalysts, renewable feedstock integration, and smart refining solutions, are also discussed as critical enablers for refining efficiency. This research provides strategic recommendations for refineries seeking to maximize profitability, improve operational flexibility, and adopt sustainable refining practices through FCC-hydrocracking integration.

کلیدواژه ها:

Hydrocracking ، Refining ، Process ، FCC ، Petrochemical Industry