An Analytical Study on the Validity of Martyr Sadr’s Jurisprudential Systems Based on the Foundations of Inductive Reasoning

The intellectual framework developed by the late Martyr Muḥammad Bāqir al‑Ṣadr، known as the Method of Discovering the School (Manhaj Kashf al‑Maktab), which seeks to derive a comprehensive doctrinal system, represents one of the proposed methodologies for understanding the social and organizational dimensions of religion and Islamic jurisprudence. Once its epistemic validity (ḥujjiyyah) is established, this method has the potential to define the overarching orientation of the Islamic society across various domains—such as economics, culture, media, politics, administration, and others.The emergence of this method has stimulated extensive scholarly debate concerning the probative authority of such “schools” (maktabs) and the legitimacy of attributing them to the Divine Legislator. Within this discourse, multiple approaches have been proposed to substantiate their validity: some scholars have appealed to the dalīl al‑insidād (the doctrine of epistemic closure), others have relied on the principle of al‑ẓuhūr al‑jamʿī (collective appearance), while a third group has drawn a distinction between the realms of maktab and fatwa, seeking to establish the authority of the former through the decree of the Wali al‑Amr (legitimate authority). In contrast, several other scholars have rejected the notion of its probative force altogether.This study aims to substantiate the epistemic authority of the maktab by deploying the method of induction (istiqrāʾ). It argues that this approach is the most coherent and philosophically consistent means of establishing such authority, given its alignment with the logical foundations of induction articulated by Martyr al‑Ṣadr.

کلیدواژه ها:

Attribution to the Divine Legislator ، Ḥujjiyyah (Epistemic Authority) ، Induction (Istiqrāʾ) ، Jurisprudential Systems ، Martyr al‑Ṣadr ، Kashf al‑Maktab (Uncovering the School)