Life-Stage-Dependent Secondary Responses of Some Biorational Insecticides on <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Trichogramma dendrolimi (Matsumura) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

In this study, lethal and sub-lethal doses of Neem Azal (azadirachtin ۱۰ g L-۱), Nimiks (azadirachtin ۴۰ g L-۱), Nimbecidine (azadirachtin ۰.۳ g L-۱), Oread (spinosad ۴۸۰ g L-۱), and Nostalgist BL (۱.۵% Beauveria bassiana strain Bb-۱-) were tested on different developmental stages of the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma dendrolimi, under laboratory conditions. The lowest melanized egg were found on the larval stage of parasitoid in the ۲۰۰ mL dose of Nimiks (۷۹.۱۷%), on ۵ mL dose of Oread (۷۵.۲۵%) and on ۲۵۰ mL dose of Nimbecidine (۷۹.۳۷%). An approximately ۱۰-fold decrease in emergence rates was determined in the larval, prepupal and pupal stages of the parasitoid at doses of ۵ mL and ۶.۲۵ mL of Oread. The other doses of the same insecticides resulted in ۱۰۰% mortality. The longest development time of T. dendrolimi was found on Oread with ۶.۲۵ mL (۱۱.۰۰ days), on Nimiks with ۲۰۰ mL (۱۱.۰۴ days), and on Oread with ۵ mL (۱۰.۹۰ days). No significant difference was observed in the sex ratio. The longevity of T. denrolimi was shorter than that of the control for all insecticides and doses applied to the larval, prepupal, and pupal stages of the parasitoid. Parasitism rates of F۱ and F۲ varied greatly depending on the insecticides, doses, and biological stage of the parasitoid. The new crop protection strategies aim to reduce the use of chemical insecticides while supporting the combined use of biorational insecticides and natural enemies. The study offers helpful data for IPM that is focused on the ecology.

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Azadirahtin ، ، ">Beauveria bassiana ، Egg parasitoids ، Spinosad