The Role of ABO and Rh Blood Groups in Tuberculosis: A ۱۰-year Study in Mazandaran, Iran

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health issue, particularly in developing countries. Identifying risk factors like blood type may aid in prevention. Prior studies on the link between blood groups and TB susceptibility have been inconclusive, necessitating further research.  Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study analyzed the association between ABO and Rh blood groups and TB prevalence in Mazandaran, Iran (۲۰۰۸–۲۰۱۸). Data from ۴۲۰ TB patients were compared with the general population using patient records and laboratory-confirmed blood group tests. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS, employing Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests.  Results: Blood group O was the most common (۴۱.۱۸%), followed by A (۲۸.۳۳%), B (۲۳.۰۵%), and AB (۷.۳۸%). Rh-positive individuals accounted for ۹۱.۴۳% of cases. No significant association was found between blood groups and TB prevalence (p>۰.۰۵). The distribution of blood groups among TB patients closely mirrored that of the general population, with no significant differences between pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB cases.  Conclusion: The findings indicate no significant relationship between ABO or Rh blood groups and TB susceptibility. Blood type does not appear to be a determining factor in TB risk. Further studies with larger, more diverse populations are recommended to validate these results and explore other potential risk factors.

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Key words: Tuberculosis ، blood group ، ABO ، Rh