Effect of incorporating bioactive glass filler in resin infiltrant on the microhardness of demineralized enamel

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating different concentrations of ۴۵S۵ bioactive glass (BAG) as a filler into a resin infiltrant on the microhardness of demineralized enamel.Methods: Forty bovine enamel samples were subjected to a pH-cycling protocol to induce artificial caries lesions. The teeth were randomly assigned to four groups (n = ۱۰), based on the remineralizing treatment applied: G۱: the commercial ICON® resin infiltrant (control); G۲ and G۳: experimental resin infiltrants containing ۵ wt% (G۲) and ۲ wt% (G۳) ۴۵S۵ bioactive glass; and G۴: a filler-free resin infiltrant. Vickers microhardness was measured at depths of ۵۰, ۱۰۰, and ۱۵۰ µm. The data weer analyzed using two-way ANOVA (α=۰.۰۵).Results: Both the type of resin infiltrant and lesion depth significantly influenced enamel microhardness (P<۰.۰۰۱). ICON® consistently demonstrated the highest microhardness, significantly outperforming the other groups at all evaluated depths (P < ۰.۰۵). Microhardness increased with depth in all groups, with significant differences observed between ۵۰, ۱۰۰, and ۱۵۰ µm depths (P < ۰.۰۵). Incorporation of Bioglass® ۴۵S۵ into the resin infiltrant was effective in enhancing microhardness, as compared to unfilled resin. The ۵% concentration of Bioglass® ۴۵S۵ also caused a significant rise in microhardness compared to the ۲ wt% at ۵۰ µm depth (P<۰.۰۵).Conclusions: The commercial resin infiltrant (ICON®) consistently achieved the highest microhardness at all depths. The incorporation of Bioglass® ۴۵S۵ enhanced microhardness, with the ۵ wt% group exhibiting superior performance compared with the ۲ wt% group and the filler-free control.

کلیدواژه ها:

Bioactive glass ۴۵S۵ ، Dental Caries ، dental enamel ، Dental resins ، hardness tests ، Tooth remineralization