A Comparative Study of the Status, Function and Iconography of the Lion Motif in Qashqai Carpets and the Fu Dog Motif in Chinese Carpets

Qashqai carpets, which are the main handicrafts of Fars province, are primarily woven by tribal women, where the lion motif is particularly popular, giving rise to "Lion Gabbehs" or "Lion Carpets." This motif, which is deeply rooted in Iranian art, has traveled to other regions, including China, and has found a special place in Buddhist iconography. The purpose of this research is to examine the image of the lion motif in the context of Qashqai tribal carpets and comparative Chinese samples. The main research question addresses the commonalities and contrasts in the design and motifs of this figure in the studied traditions. This research is descriptive, analytical, and comparative in nature. The study utilizes a library research approach along with fieldwork, especially through interviews and collecting data from existing samples. The comparative results, primarily limited to works of recent centuries due to the lack of preservation of ancient samples, demonstrate the existence of unique concepts and themes in both civilizations. In China, these themes originate from ancient rituals and profound Buddhist influences. Conversely, in Qashqai culture, these themes are rooted in tribal traditions and the specific lifestyle of the nomadic people. Conclusion: This research highlights a clear divergence in the representation and execution of this powerful motif, which strongly indicates two fundamentally different aesthetic origins and socio-cultural environments.

کلیدواژه ها:

Qashqai Carpet ، Chinese Carpet ، Lion Motif ، Fu Dog ، comparative analysis ، Tribal Art ، Symbolism