Global Perspectives on Diet-Microbiome Interactions: Integrating Mechanistic, Epidemiological, and Nutritional Evidence

The human gut microbiome is a complex and interactive ecosystem that plays a crucial role in human physiology, disease, and nutrient responses. Over the last decade, vast progress has been made through metagenomics and metabolomics studies, and it has been observed that diet has predictable effects on human microbial communities, thereby playing a crucial role in linking diet and human physiology. The following article combines the findings of three seminal studies, namely Fackelmann et al., (۲۰۲۵, Nature Microbiology), Ross et al., (۲۰۲۴, Nature Reviews Microbiology), and Wilson et al., (۲۰۲۰, Digestive Diseases & Sciences), and provides a comprehensive view of worldwide research on plant, Mediterranean, and Western type diets and their effects on human gut microbial composition and metabolism. Also, a high fiber and high plant diet increases microbial diversity, and this allows more production of butyrate by certain species of microorganisms, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia hominis, which protects the integrity of the intestinal lining and inhibits inflammation. Citation: Western type diet high in SATURATED FATS and SUGAR leads to an overrepresentation of microorganisms that can tolerate bile and of bioactive products, such as TMAO and secondary bile acids, that have PRO Inflammatory effects. Citation: Geographic studies have indicated that a HIGH FIBER DIET characteristic of non-industrialized countries supports a more resilient MICROBIOME, and that DIT, By integrating mechanistic, clinical, and epidemiologic approaches, this review posits that interactions between diet and the microbiome are the mechanism through which noncommunicable diseases are mediated, and thereby present an ideal target of precision nutritional research, as tailor made nutritional therapies can be developed based on the effects of certain foods and nutrients on the microbiome.

کلیدواژه ها:

Gut Microbiome ، Metagenomics ، High Fiber Diet ، Microbial Diversity ، Mediterranean Diet ، Western Diet ، Butyrate Production