Neural Differentiation Potential of Stem Cells Derived from Dental Follicle and Periodontal Ligament stem cells

Background: Repair of neural damages is one of important and complex treatment in medicine and dentistry. On one side possession of adult stem cells from bone marrow considering limited source of these cells, is restricted. Finding reachable source of stem cells with high differentiating potential is important. These sources include PDL and dental follicle. The goal of this research is to compare potential of neurogenic differentiation of stem cells derived from periodontal ligament (PDLSCs) and stem cells derived from dental follicle (DFSCs) of impacted third molar. Methods and Materials: in this experimental study, ۳ samples of PDL and ۳ samples of impacted ۳rd molar follicle were used to isolate stem cells. Cultivation of digested tissue pieces was used. Differentiation to osteoblast and adipocyte was used to prove the existence of stem cells. Also to prove the mesenchymal origin of stem cells, expression of mesenchymal cell surface markers CD۴۴, CD۷۳, CD۹۰, CD۱۰۵ and hematopoietic cell surface markers CD۳۴ and CD۴۵ were examined with flow cytometry. At the end, neural differentiation of cells cultured in standard neural inductive medium containing retinoic acid was investigated by expression of MAP۲ and b-Tubulin genes and their protein products by RT-PCR and Western blot technique. Results: Stem cells were successfully isolated from dental follicle and PDL tissues. All cells were successfully differentiated to adipocyte and osteoblast after passing of ۱۴ days in adipogenic and osteoblastic inductive mediums. Flowcytometry revealed that these cells are positive for CD۴۴, CD۷۳, CD۹۰, and CD۱۰۵ and negative for CD۳۴ and CD۴۵ and also expression of MAP۲ and b-Tubulin were confirmed by RT-PCR and western blot tests. Conclusion: Results showed that more neurogenic differentiating potential was detected in derived stem cell from PDL in compared to tooth follicle cells. This study demonstrated that dental follicle and PDL can be used in the cellular treatment and tissue engineering in neural damages repair.Background: Repair of neural damages is one of important and complex treatment in medicine and dentistry. On one side possession of adult stem cells from bone marrow considering limited source of these cells, is restricted. Finding reachable source of stem cells with high differentiating potential is important. These sources include PDL and dental follicle. The goal of this research is to compare potential of neurogenic differentiation of stem cells derived from periodontal ligament (PDLSCs) and stem cells derived from dental follicle (DFSCs) of impacted third molar. Methods and Materials: in this experimental study, ۳ samples of PDL and ۳ samples of impacted ۳rd molar follicle were used to isolate stem cells. Cultivation of digested tissue pieces was used. Differentiation to osteoblast and adipocyte was used to prove the existence of stem cells. Also to prove the mesenchymal origin of stem cells, expression of mesenchymal cell surface markers CD۴۴, CD۷۳, CD۹۰, CD۱۰۵ and hematopoietic cell surface markers CD۳۴ and CD۴۵ were examined with flow cytometry. At the end, neural differentiation of cells cultured in standard neural inductive medium containing retinoic acid was investigated by expression of MAP۲ and b-Tubulin genes and their protein products by RT-PCR and Western blot technique. Results: Stem cells were successfully isolated from dental follicle and PDL tissues. All cells were successfully differentiated to adipocyte and osteoblast after passing of ۱۴ days in adipogenic and osteoblastic inductive mediums. Flowcytometry revealed that these cells are positive for CD۴۴, CD۷۳, CD۹۰, and CD۱۰۵ and negative for CD۳۴ and CD۴۵ and also expression of MAP۲ and b-Tubulin were confirmed by RT-PCR and western blot tests. Conclusion: Results showed that more neurogenic differentiating potential was detected in derived stem cell from PDL in compared to tooth follicle cells. This study demonstrated that dental follicle and PDL can be used in the cellular treatment and tissue engineering in neural damages repair.

کلیدواژه ها:

Dental follicle ، PDL ، Stem Cell ، Neural Differentiation ، Nerve Tissue Engineering.