Allium jesdianum Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in the Liver of Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice

IntroductionThe liver is essential for drug metabolism and detoxification, and cyclophosphamide (CTX) can trigger hepatotoxicity via oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Allium jesdianum has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that may mitigate CTX-induced liver injury. This study investigates whether the antioxidant properties of A. jesdianum can protect organ function in a CTX-treated animal model, with implications for potential adjunctive strategies in CTX therapy.Methods and materialsTwenty male NMRI mice divided randomly into ۴ groups (n=۵ per group): normal saline for ۱۴ days (oral), A. jesdianum extract at ۲۰۰ mg/kg daily for ۱۴ days (oral), CTX at ۲۰ mg/kg intraperitoneal (IP) for ۵ days, and A. jesdianum extract at ۲۰۰ mg/kg (oral) daily for ۱۴ days + CTX at ۲۰ mg/kg IP during the last ۵ days. Tissue samples were collected and analyzed for lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity, and inflammatory cytokines.Results:CTX increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), which were attenuated by A. jesdianum (P < ۰.۰۰۱). Antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were adversely modulated by CTX and markedly ameliorated by A. jesdianum pretreatment (p < ۰.۰۰۱). Pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-۶ (IL-۶), interleukin-۱β (IL-۱β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were increased in the CTX group, which was significantly decreased by A. jesdianum (p < ۰.۰۰۱, p < ۰.۰۰۱, and p < ۰.۰۱, respectively).ConclusionA. jesdianum suggests attenuating CTX-associated liver toxicity by dampening oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, thereby supporting its prospective role as a natural cytoprotective adjunct in chemotherapy regimens.

کلیدواژه ها:

Allium jesdianum ، Liver ، Pro-inflammatory cytokines ، Antioxidant enzymes