Intellectual Capital on Performance of Financial Institutes (case study: Balkh Province)

This study investigates how intellectual capital influences the performance of financial institutions in Balkh province, Afghanistan, emphasizing its role as a core intangible asset that drives value creation in modern organizations. Intellectual capital, based on the model of Caba and Sierra (۲۰۰۱), is examined through its three key components—human capital, structural capital, and relational capital. Data were collected from ۱۲۰ licensed money exchangers and private commercial banks in Mazar-e-Sharif using a structured questionnaire measured on a five-point Likert scale, and the analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and optimal scaling regression in SPSS. The results indicate that intellectual capital substantially contributes to institutional performance, with an R² value of ۰.۶۳, demonstrating that the examined variables account for ۶۳% of performance variance. Within human capital, five indicators show significant influence, highlighting the importance of employee creativity, professional competencies, training, dynamism, and overall operational capability. In structural capital, two indicators—organizational research and development capacity and operational efficiency—emerge as meaningful contributors to performance. Relational capital also proves relevant, with communication quality with customers and suppliers showing significant positive effects. Overall, the findings confirm that human, structural, and relational capital collectively shape the performance of financial institutions in Balkh, with human capital exerting the strongest influence. These results underscore the need for financial institutions in Afghanistan to prioritize the development, management, and continuous enhancement of intangible assets to improve competitiveness, service delivery, and long-term organizational sustainability.

کلیدواژه ها:

intellectual capital ، Human capital ، Structural Capital ، relational capital ، performance of financial institute