Biofuel Alternatives for Sustainable Aviation

The aviation sector significantly contributes to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while remaining indispensable for modern transportation and economic growth. Addressing the dual challenges of environmental impact and rising fuel costs, sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) have emerged as a promising solution to reduce aviation’s carbon footprint. This study presents a detailed review of various biofuels, including Hydrotreated Vegetable Oils (HVOs), Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuels, biodiesel, biohydrogen, and biomethane, highlighting their potential to reduce emissions and enhance sustainability in aviation. Key topics include the environmental benefits of biofuels, such as reductions in GHGs, particulate matter, and sulfur emissions, alongside their technical challenges, including engine compatibility, energy density, and operational reliability under aviation conditions. The study also evaluates economic and regulatory barriers, with a focus on ASTM certification processes and the role of policy incentives in accelerating biofuel adoption. Emerging technologies, such as biohydrogen and biomethane, are examined for their potential to transform aviation fuel systems. Recommendations for future research emphasize improving feedstock sustainability, production efficiency, and engine compatibility while advocating for robust policy support. By addressing these areas, this paper underscores the critical steps needed to advance SAF development, contributing to the decarbonization of the aviation industry and a more sustainable future for global air transportation.

کلیدواژه ها:

gas turbine ، fuel ، biofuel